The impact of digital transformation on the business performance of retail enterprises

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Abstract

This study examines the effects of digital transformation on the financial performance of Vietnamese retail businesses using quantitative methods. Data from 190 businesses in large cities with high population densities and robust socioeconomic development are analyzed in this study. Google Forms was used to gather the data, which was then arranged in a spreadsheet, cleaned in Excel, and examined using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Cloud computing (CC), the Internet of Things (IoT), big data (BD), social media (SM), artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain technology (BT) are the six independent variables that make up the research model, drawing on prior studies on digital transformation and firm performance (Mubarak et al., 2019; Kwarteng et al., 2023). All six variables have a positive impact on retail businesses’ business performance, according to regression analysis. Among these technologies, CC demonstrates the strongest impact on business performance, followed by the IoT and SM, whereas BD analytics and BT show relatively moderate effects, and AI exhibits the weakest influence. The findings provide valuable insights for businesses seeking to better understand the benefits of digital transformation. The results inform the discussion and offer practical recommendations for the effective implementation of digital transformation in Vietnamese retail enterprises, thereby supporting firms in strengthening their market position and enhancing integration into global supply chains.

Keywords: Digital Transformation, Retail Enterprises, Business Performance

Authors’ individual contribution: Conceptualization — H.H.D. and L.T.T.N.; Methodology — H.H.D. and C.H.N.; Software — H.H.D. and L.A.T.P.; Validation — H.H.D., L.T.T.N., L.A.T.P., and C.H.N.; Formal Analysis — H.H.D. and C.H.N.; Investigation — L.T.T.N., L.A.T.P., and C.H.N.; Resources — H.H.D., L.T.T.N., L.-A.T.P., and C.H.N.; Data Curation — H.H.D. and L.T.T.N.; Writing — Original Draft — H.H.D. and L.T.T.N.; Writing — Review & Editing — H.H.D., L.T.T.N., L.A.T.P., and C.H.N.; Visualization — H.H.D., L.T.T.N., L.A.T.P., and C.H.N.; Supervision — H.H.D., L.A.T.P., and L.T.T.N.; Project Administration — H.H.D.

Declaration of conflicting interests: The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

JEL Classification: L25, L81, M21

Received: 28.11.2025
Revised: 18.01.2026; 02.03.2026
Accepted: 13.03.2026
Published online: 18.03.2026

How to cite this paper: Dau, H. H., Nguyen, L. T. T., Pham, L. A. T., & Nguyen, C. H. (2026). The impact of digital transformation on the business performance of retail enterprises. Business Performance Review, 4(1), 108–117. https://doi.org/10.22495/bprv4i1p9